OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR THE RELOCATION OF DISTRIBUTION SITES OF ECONOMIC SUPPORT IN AREAS OF HIGH MARGINALIZATION

Abstract

In a globalized world, there are geographic areas where an economic and social lag is created. These situations allow us to determine areas of opportunity and to develop research cases for improvement. Nowadays, Mexico is seeking to eliminate poverty, having created social programs to help the less fortunate areas of the country. Through the PROSPERA program, financial support is provided to localities that form the municipality of La Perla in the state of Veracruz. A survey was conducted for the inhabitants of this municipality and provided results that a maximum distance of 69.63 km is travelled for beneficiaries to reach financial support.

The main objective of this research is to propose a relocation of the distribution sites for economic support by PROSPERA in the municipality of La Perla, Veracruz using the mathematical model P-median programmed in Lingo.

The problem was programmed with P-median using a distance matrix calculating point to point (locality to locality) with the help of Google Earth. 3 different scenarios were created in order to compare to the current situation with which PROSPERA operates.

Through a comparison of the number of beneficiaries by kilometers travelled, the overall distances are minimized 25%, the equivalent of 89,686.772 km/beneficiaries of the total distances travelled in order to reach financial support.