ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF SMART GLASS TECHNOLOGIES IN BUILDINGS DEPENDING ON CLIMATE: A STRUCTURED REVIEW

Abstract

This systematic literature review evaluates the performance of smart glazing technologies—including electrochromic, thermochromic, and photochromic systems—in improving building energy efficiency under different climatic conditions. The review synthesizes peer-reviewed studies using a structured and reproducible methodology.

The analyzed literature demonstrates that smart glazing technologies contribute to measurable reductions in cooling demand, improved daylight regulation, and enhanced thermal performance. Reported outcomes indicate that performance varies depending on climate zone, façade orientation, solar radiation intensity, and control strategies applied in building design.

Engineering-focused analysis highlights the distinction between active and passive glazing systems in terms of adaptability, operational complexity, and maintenance implications. Active technologies provide dynamic solar control and peak load mitigation, while passive systems offer stability and reduced operational requirements.

The findings establish a comparative technical framework linking smart glazing type, environmental conditions, and building energy behavior. This systematic literature review supports evidence-based façade design and material selection for energy-efficient and climate-responsive buildings.